The paper examines a regime in which a linearly polarized laser pulse with relativistic intensity irradiates a sub-critical plasma for much longer than the characteristic electron response time. A steady-state channel is formed in the plasma in this case with quasi-static transverse and longitudinal electric fields. These relatively weak fields significantly alter the electron dynamics.
This is a review paper that discusses a ubiquitous electron acceleration mechanism. Reproducing the discussed regimes can serve as a good learning platform.
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